Acer pseudoplatanus

Sycamore Maple

Pale, lustrous European hardwood with a creamy near-white surface. Often quartersawn to bring out ray fleck, and prized in curly form for violin and cello backs.

Receber aviso quando chegarEspécie de referência. Sem peças em stock neste momento.

É adequada ao seu projeto?

Ótima para

Violin, viola and cello backs, sides and necks (fiddleback stock)
Kitchen worktops, butcher blocks and chopping boards
Light-toned furniture, cabinetry and shelving
Turned bowls, treen and tool handles
Interior joinery, stair parts and panelling
Marquetry and inlay where a near-white ground is needed

Sem Sycamore Maple na seleção atual

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Aspeto da madeira

Qual é o seu aspeto

Sycamore maple runs creamy white to pale yellow with a fine, even texture and a soft natural sheen. Grain is usually straight, with occasional wavy or interlocked sections. Quartersawn boards show small ray fleck. The most sought-after cut is fiddleback, a tight, rippled curl that catches light across the board and has been used for violin, viola and cello backs since the Cremonese workshops of Stradivari and Guarneri.

Creamy white to pale yellow when freshly machined
Soft natural lustre, especially on quartersawn faces
Small ray fleck on quartersawn boards
Fiddleback or curly figure in select boards, three-dimensional ripple under light
Ambers gently toward warm straw under UV exposure
Pale, lustrous; often quartersawn for ray fleck.

Trabalhar esta madeira

Como se trabalha

Works well across the board. Saws, planes, sands and glues cleanly, and turns excellently, it is a long-standing choice for treen, bowls and tool handles. Curly and fiddleback stock will tear out under straight blades; use sharp tooling, light cuts and a high cutting angle, or sand through grits. Screws and holds fastenings without splitting at sensible pilot sizes.

Acabamento

The pale colour is part of the appeal, so most makers stay with water-based or hardwax oil finishes that keep the surface near-white. Oil-based and polyurethane finishes warm the wood toward straw yellow. Expect a slow ambering shift under UV regardless, pieces stored in shade stay paler for longer. Sands cleanly to a high polish. On figured stock, a thin coat of dilute shellac before the topcoat lifts the chatoyance.

Secagem

Dries fairly quickly but is prone to fungal staining and grey discolouration if left in stick during warm, humid weather. The traditional remedy is to fell in winter and end-rack boards vertically so air moves across both faces. Tangential shrinkage of 7.5–9.0% against radial 4.0–5.5% gives a moderate T/R ratio, so quartersawn stock stays flatter in service. Acclimatise indoors before machining final dimensions.

Quanto se irá mover?

A madeira incha e contrai-se na largura à medida que o ar fica mais húmido ou mais seco. Estime o movimento sazonal de um tampo de Sycamore Maple antes de desenhar as fixações.

Largura do tampo800 mm

Corte

Local onde será usada

Movimento sazonal previsto

cerca de 9,4 mm

Fixe o tampo com fixadores ou suportes com rasgos, não com cola ou parafusos apertados.

Modelo de retração linear: largura × (retração ÷ 28 % de saturação das fibras) × variação sazonal da humidade. Usa uma retração tangencial de 8,25 % para Sycamore Maple. É uma estimativa de planeamento, não uma garantia.

Quanto custa

Segurança e origem

Food-contact safe and a classic European choice for butcher blocks, chopping boards and kitchen treen. Maple dust is a known respiratory sensitiser and is listed as a carcinogen in some jurisdictions, extract at the tool and wear a fitted P3 mask when sanding or routing.

Ler o guia completoNotas detalhadas sobre desenho, alteração da cor, trabalho e estabilidade.

What European Sycamore actually is#

Acer pseudoplatanus is a maple, despite the name. It is the whitest timber in this catalogue and the traditional European choice wherever a pale, clean, food-safe surface is wanted.

The naming causes real confusion. European Sycamore is a maple. American sycamore is Platanus occidentalis, a plane tree. London Plane, which KORENA also lists, is Platanus x acerifolia and is the European plane. The three are unrelated and work differently. Buy on the botanical name.

Keeping it white#

The pale colour is the whole point of this species and it is fragile.

Freshly converted sycamore stains easily. If boards are flat stacked and left, fungal staining greys them within weeks. The traditional handling is end rearing, standing the boards on end so air moves freely and moisture drains, and prompt drying after conversion.

A greyed or blue stained sycamore board is not structurally damaged but it has lost the property you were buying.

In use, the threat is the finish. Oil finishes amber pale woods, and sycamore starts whiter than anything else here so it shows the shift most. A clear water based finish or a low yellowing hardwax oil preserves the colour; a standard oil turns it distinctly yellow, permanently.

The figure

Perguntas dos compradores

Is European Sycamore the same as American sycamore?

No, and the naming is genuinely confusing. European Sycamore is Acer pseudoplatanus, a maple. American sycamore is Platanus occidentalis, a plane tree, and its European counterpart is London Plane, Platanus x acerifolia, which KORENA also lists. The three are unrelated and behave differently. Check the botanical name.

Why is sycamore used for violin backs?

Its fine even texture, good stiffness and frequent curly figure suit it acoustically and visually, and it has been the traditional back, ribs and neck timber for violins since the Cremonese makers. Figured sycamore with strong flame is still sold specifically as fiddleback for this purpose.

How do I keep it white?

Sycamore is prized for being one of the whitest European timbers and it discolours easily. It must be dried promptly and end reared rather than flat stacked, or fungal staining greys it. In use, avoid oil finishes, which pull it yellow, and use a clear water based finish or a low yellowing hardwax oil instead.

What is rippled or fiddleback sycamore?

Propriedades mecânicas

Dados técnicos

Valores de referência publicados. Quando as fontes divergem, é apresentado o intervalo e o valor típico é usado nas escalas acima.

Retração tangencial
Densidade (kg/m³)	570–660 kg/m³típico: 615 kg/m³
Dureza Janka (N)	4,400–5,000 Ntípico: 4680 N
MOR: módulo de rutura (MPa)	95–115 MPa
MOE: módulo de elasticidade (GPa)	9.5–11.5 GPa
Retração radial	4.0–5.5 %

Native to central and southern European mountain regions and broadly available across the EU. Acer pseudoplatanus is the species behind 'European sycamore' and 'great maple', and is the same tree sold in the UK timber trade as English sycamore. It is not related to American sycamore (Platanus).

IUCN Least Concern, no CITES listing, and grown across European managed forests, so FSC or PEFC stock is straightforward to source. Decay class 5 under EN 350 means it is perishable and strictly an interior timber, no exterior joinery, no ground contact, no wet rooms without a sealed assembly.

Rippled or fiddleback sycamore carries a wave in the grain that produces strong horizontal chatoyance shifting with viewing angle. It is the same phenomenon as curly maple.

It occurs in a minority of trees, cannot be predicted before felling, and carries a substantial premium.

This is the timber of violin backs, ribs and necks, and has been since the Cremonese makers. Fiddleback sycamore is still sold under that name specifically for instrument work, where the combination of acoustic properties and appearance has never been bettered.

Sycamore works cleanly and pleasantly. At 4,680 N it is moderately hard, sitting just below European oak at 4,980 N, and it blunts tooling at a modest rate.

The fine even texture takes crisp detail and it turns very well. It glues reliably and takes fastenings securely.

Figured stock tears out readily. Light cuts, sharp tooling and a scraper or high angle plane for the final surface, particularly on fiddleback where the grain reverses continuously.

It sands to a very fine surface.

The staining behaviour is the same trap that maple sets. The dense closed grain absorbs pigment unevenly and blotches, worse on figured stock.

Use a dye or a gel stain, or leave it clear, which is what most sycamore work calls for anyway given that the colour is the reason for choosing it.

Kitchen and dairy use#

Sycamore is rated food safe, closed grained, and has been the traditional European dairy and kitchen timber, used for butter pats, bowls, spoons and worktops because it does not taint food and cleans well.

It is softer than hard maple at 4,680 N against 6,450 N, so it scars more readily under a knife, and at decay class 5 it must be kept dry.

Volumetric shrinkage of 11.5 percent is moderate, with tangential at 7.5 percent against radial at 4.0 percent. That is a reasonable differential and sycamore behaves acceptably in wide boards, better than maple or beech.

Where European Sycamore is the right answer#

Instrument work, particularly violin backs and ribs. Also pale furniture, kitchen and dairy ware, turned work, marquetry and inlay, and decorative panels where fiddleback figure is the design.

It is the wrong answer outdoors, and wrong under an oil finish if the white colour is what you are paying for.

Not CITES listed and assessed as Least Concern. Common across central and northern Europe and widely planted, with straightforward supply and documentation.

Drying sycamore, which is where most of it is lost#

More sycamore is spoiled in the first three weeks after felling than at any other stage, and the cause is always the same: it was stacked flat and left.

Freshly converted sycamore is wet, pale and full of sugars, which makes it ideal food for the fungi that cause blue and grey staining. Flat stacked in still air, boards discolour from the inside out within weeks, and the grey never comes out.

The traditional answer is end rearing. Boards are stood on end, leaning, so air moves across both faces and moisture drains rather than pooling. It looks like an odd way to treat timber and it is the difference between white sycamore and grey sycamore.

If you are buying sycamore, ask how it was dried. If you are drying it yourself, get it standing within days of conversion.

What figured sycamore is worth checking for#

Rippled figure is not uniform through a log. It is usually strongest near the base and can fade out entirely further up, so a slab cut from the same tree as a strongly figured one may be plain.

Look at the figure in raking light from two directions before committing. Ripple that reads strongly from one angle and disappears from another is shallow and may not survive final thicknessing.

A wave in the grain producing strong horizontal rippling chatoyance across the board, the same phenomenon as curly maple. It occurs in a minority of trees, cannot be predicted from the standing tree, and commands a substantial premium. It is the most sought after form of the species.

Is it suitable for kitchen surfaces?

It is rated food safe, closed grained and traditionally used for dairy and kitchen ware precisely because it does not taint food and cleans well. It is softer than hard maple at 4,680 N against 6,450 N, so it will scar more readily, and at decay class 5 it must be kept dry.

Retração volumétrica	11.5–13.5 %

Durabilidade natural (EN 350)	Class 5 — Perishable

Fontes

The Wood Database(consultado em 2026-05-09)
USDA FPL Wood Handbook FPL-GTR-190 (2010)(consultado em 2026-05-09)
Meier, E. — WOOD! Identifying and Using Hundreds of Woods Worldwide (2015)(consultado em 2026-05-09)

Resumo

DurezaDureza média

Dureza Janka: 4680 N

6 % mais macia do que o carvalho-europeu

PesoMédio

615 kg/m³

EstabilidadeMédio

12,5 % de retração volumétrica

TrabalhoFácil

4,1 / 5 de média na bancada

Uso exteriorApenas interior

EN 350 classe 5

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Fonte: Índice de Madeira KORENA · Dados mais recentes de 24/09/2026

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